Description
Clevidipine is an ultra-short-acting vasodilator of the dihydropyridine
(DHP) class of CCB. It is indicated as an intravenous treatment for the
acute management of hypertension when oral therapy is not feasible or
not desirable. Clevidipine is the second intravenous CCB to be marketed
behind nicardipine for this indication. Both agents are primarily used
for urgent treatment of hypertension in cardiac surgical setting, intensive
care units, and emergency departments. Other intravenous agents
currently on the market for this indication include sodium nitroprusside,
nitroglycerin, fenoldopam, hydralazine, esmolol, and labetalol. Clevidipine is a potent, arterial-specific, vasodilator with very little or no effect
on the myocardial contractility and venous capacitance. It has a
rapid onset and offset of action and a very short plasma half-life, which
allows for titration of the drug to achieve precise BP control.
clevidipine is exclusively metabolized in the blood and the tissues. It does not undergo any renal or hepatic metabolism and does not accumulate in the body. Clevidipine is a blocker of L-type calcium channels, which mediate the influx of calcium during depolarization in arterial smooth muscle.
Chemical Properties
White to Off-White Solid
Originator
AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
Uses
A calcium channel protein inhibitor and blocker
Uses
Calcium channel blocker, used as an oral antihypertensive.
Uses
Clevidipine butyrate is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker use as agent for the reduction of blood pressure。
Definition
ChEBI: Clevidipine is a dihydropyridine.
Brand name
Clevelox (The Medicines Company).
Side effects
Clevidipine is contraindicated in patients with severe aortic stenosis, defective lipid metabolism, and allergies to eggs, egg products, soybeans, or soy products. The chemical synthesis of clevidipine entails the esterification of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monomethyl ester with chloromethyl butyrate by the action of potassium bicarbonate in refluxing acetonitrile.
Synthesis
The chemical synthesis of clevidipine entails the esterification of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monomethyl ester with chloromethyl butyrate by the action of potassium bicarbonate in refluxing acetonitrile. The DHP-monoester starting material is obtained in two steps through condensation of methyl 2,3-dichlorobenzylidine acetoacetate and 2-cyanoethyl ester of 2-amino-2-propenoic acid to the DHP diester, followed by base catalyzed cleavage of the cyanoethyl group. Clevidipine is practically insoluble in water and is formulated in an oil-inwater emulsion.
storage
4°C, protect from light
